Roofing is the top layer of a building that protects against rain, snow, sunlight, and extremes in temperature and wind. It is often composed of multiple components that work together to keep water out and maintain energy efficiency.

Roofing is a physically demanding job that involves working at heights and handling heavy materials. Practicing safety protocols protects workers and reduces the risk of accidents and injuries. Contact Roofing Montana now!

Beneath the surface of your shingle, tile, or metal roofing lies a vital layer that plays a significant role in your roof’s overall function, longevity, and performance. Known as underlayment, this layer is typically made of asphalt-saturated felt or modern synthetic materials and serves as the secondary water barrier between your structural roof deck and the overlying shingles, protecting against moisture penetration, leaks, and other damage.

Aside from acting as a protective barrier, underlayment creates a smooth and even surface for the installation of your roofing materials, contributing to improved aesthetics and overall curb appeal. The added insulation of some underlayments can help to regulate indoor temperatures and reduce heating and cooling costs, helping you to achieve energy savings in the long run.

Underlayment is also a critical component in enhancing the structural integrity of your home’s roof, especially when it comes to wind-driven rain. Underlayment protects the roof deck from moisture penetration and deterioration, helping to minimize the risk of mold, rot, and other damage that can be caused by heavy downpours and harsh weather conditions.

In addition, underlayment can also enhance the performance of your roofing system by serving as a fire retardant. Some underlayments are certified to meet industry-standard compliances, helping your roof shingles to achieve their Class A fire rating and offering additional protection for your home’s structure and occupants.

There are many different types of underlayment on the market, with each boasting unique properties that make them well-suited for certain roofing materials and climates. It is important to work with an experienced professional who can recommend the underlayment that best suits your roof’s needs, factoring in regional challenges and roof slopes as well as your chosen roofing material.

Depending on your budget and roofing needs, you may opt for traditional felt underlayment or synthetics that feature rubberized asphalt and polymers to increase resistance against moisture and damage. Regardless of what type of underlayment you choose, it is recommended to ensure that proper drip edges are applied along the rake and eaves of your roof and that the underlayment is properly flashed with the drainage plane, wall cladding, and roof flashing (required by code in some markets). For low-slope applications and in leak-prone areas, consider using self-adhered underlayment products that do not require mechanical fasteners.

Shingles

Shingles are the most visible part of any roof, and they’re also the most important. They protect the rest of the roof and the home below from rain, snow, heat, and sunlight. Whether made of asphalt, wood, slate, or clay, they provide a waterproof barrier that keeps moisture out and warmth in. Shingles can even help reduce external noise and are available in a variety of colors.

Asphalt shingles are the most popular roofing material and can be found on homes of all sizes and styles. They’re easy to install and cost less than other types of roofs, such as metal. They also offer a variety of color options and can match the look of any home.

Slate is an attractive and traditional roofing material, but it can be difficult to install because it requires a highly skilled tradesperson and a lot of work. However, a roof with slate shingles can add value to the house and increase its curb appeal.

While most shingles are white or black, other colors are becoming more popular. Some shingle manufacturers offer “earth tone” shingles that look more natural and blend in with the environment. Other shingles come in patterns that mimic the appearance of other materials, such as wood or slate, and can add beauty and character to the home.

All shingles should be maintained to ensure that they’re providing the protection the homeowner expects. A regular inspection by a qualified roofer can prevent damage and identify problems before they become more serious. A shingle that’s buckling, curling, or missing granules should be replaced right away.

Some shingles are designed to be resistant to certain conditions, such as high winds. For example, IKO’s Leading Edge Plus shingles are engineered with advanced technology that increases their wind resistance. These shingles are heavier than most other shingles and stick better to the self-sealing asphalt tabs they’re installed with, making them less likely to lift in a strong wind.

The shingles themselves are made of layers of a composite material that includes fiberglass or organic mats and an asphalt-based substance. In addition to protecting the rest of the roof, these mats add a layer of fire resistance to the shingle and make it more difficult for it to burn.

Flashing

A roof’s flashing helps prevent leaks in problem areas. It’s a thin strip of metal, often aluminum or galvanized steel, installed along edges and around any penetrations such as chimneys and pipes. It’s one of the most important roofing components as it safeguards edges where shingles butt up against walls or other structures.

Flashing is also used to fill in gaps and seal seams. Qualified roofing professionals install various types of flashing to suit specific needs. It’s important to choose the right flashing as it must be able to flex with the changes in temperature and weather conditions.

Roof flashing is generally made of copper, zinc, or galvanized aluminum, and comes in sheets or coils for easy installation. Depending on the type of flashing, it may be cut to fit a particular gap or overlapped over the area of a joint. It can also be molded to the shape of a pipe or other projection.

There are four common types of roof flashing: apron flashing, step flashing, valley flashing, and counter flashing. Apron flashing, which is shaped like an L, is typically used at the base of a wall or other structure. It’s also used to prevent water from seeping underneath a dormer window or other projecting feature. It can be up to 14 feet long to adequately cover the base of the penetration.

Step flashing is angled to fit between individual shingle courses and up against the siding of a perpendicular surface such as a wall or chimney. It’s secured to the sheathing of the wall with caulking and then capped with shingles. The next course of shingles is then nailed over the step flashing to help keep water from seeping into the seam.

Valley flashing is usually hidden under a shingle course but can be left exposed in open valleys. It acts as a channel for water that runs down the sides of two sloping surfaces and can lead to leaks if not properly protected. Valley flashing is usually a single piece of continuous flashing that reaches across the valley and can be covered with shingles.

Ventilation

A roof protects a structure from rain, snow, sunlight, wind and extremes of temperature. It has been constructed in a wide variety of forms, and serves a multitude of purposes.

One of the most important functions a roof performs is air circulation. Without proper ventilation, hot air can accumulate in the attic and seep through ceilings into living areas. This forces the air conditioner to work harder than it should, which leads to higher energy bills. Proper ventilation allows the trapped hot air to escape, allowing cooler outdoor air to enter and replace it. This process keeps the attic and living spaces cooler, which reduces strain on the air conditioner and results in lower energy costs.

In addition to lowering energy bills, proper roof ventilation can also prolong the life of shingles and reduce indoor air pollutants like mold and mildew. Insufficient ventilation creates a breeding ground for these fungi, which can cause respiratory problems and other health issues. By ensuring that attic and roof spaces are properly ventilated, you can avoid the need for costly repairs or replacements.

The best way to ensure your home has adequate ventilation is to hire a professional roofing contractor who will provide a thorough ventilation assessment. During this process, the professional will inspect the attic space, check for signs of moisture or heat damage, and recommend the best options for improving ventilation. The professional will also take into account the local climate, attic layout, and existing ventilation system when making recommendations.

Several types of roof vents are available, including ridge vents, powered fans, and soffit vents. The right type of vent for your home will depend on the attic’s size, layout, and shingle type. In general, it is recommended that you have one vent for every 300 square feet of attic space, with an equal amount of intake and exhaust ventilation.

For non-powered venting systems, soffit and gable vents are common. Ridge vents, on the other hand, are a low-profile roof vent that runs along the ridge of the attic. They allow hot air to escape, while preventing rain and snow from entering the attic.